The bog turtle is the smallest North American turtle and it rarely exceeds 4 in (11 cm) in size (3-3.5 in, 7.5 - 9 cm on average). It is usually identified by its small size and orange/yellow patches on the sides of its head and neck region. Its carapace is brown/black and is often sculptured with obvious growth rings on each scute. Its plastron is cream colored with black patches and lacks hinges. Males tend to have much longer and thicker tails than females and males have a slightly concave plastron.
In Georgia, they inhabit mountain bogs, which are unique wetland habitats that only occur in the Blue Ridge Mountains. Unfortunately, these mountain bogs, like much of their habitat, are quickly disappearing mainly due to human development, such as the draining and filling of their wetlands. Pollution and invasive plant species have also had a negative impact on their environment. Ironically, because they require open habitats, cattle grazing and fire are often beneficial for this species.
Bog turtles are active both day and night and spend the day foraging in the water for plants and animals (e.g. various insects, invertebrates and seeds). Bog turtles have been known to hibernate in the deep mud bottoms of bogs, but do not start doing so until they are 2-3 years old. Their small size makes them vulnerable to predation by animals such as raccoons and skunks, which also prey on their eggs and hatchlings.